Óïð.2a Ìîäóëü 2a ÃÄÇ Spotlight 11 êëàññ
Çàäàíèå â ó÷åáíèêå 2023 ãîäà:
Ïðî÷òèòå òåêñò è çàïîëíèòå ïðîáåëû ñ 1-7 ïðàâèëüíûì îòâåòîì 1,2,3 èëè 4.
Ðàññëàáüòåñü!
Òû óñåðäíî ãîòîâèøüñÿ ê ýêçàìåíàì A-level(íà ïÿòåðêè), ó òåáÿ åñòü ðàáîòà íåïîëíûé äåíü, ðîäèòåëè â ïðîöåññå(having) ðàçâîäà, è òåáÿ áåñïîêîèò, ÷òî òâîé ëó÷øèé äðóã íà òåáÿ îáèæåí. Â îáùåì, òû ÷óâñòâóåøü, ÷òî òåðÿåøü êîíòðîëü! Çíàêîìî? Íå âîëíóéñÿ, òû íå îäèí(lonely), ïîòîìó ÷òî 92% áðèòàíñêèõ ïîäðîñòêîâ èñïûòûâàþò ñòðåññ. Èòàê, ïî ìåðå òîãî êàê äàâëåíèå íàðàñòàåò ïåðåä ýêçàìåíàìè, ìû ðàññêàæåì, ÷òî òàêîå ñòðåññ, êàê îí äåéñòâóåò è, ñàìîå ãëàâíîå, ÷òî ñ íèì ìîæíî ñäåëàòü!
Ñóòü ñòðåññà
Êîðî÷å ãîâîðÿ, «ñòðåññ» — ýòî ñïîñîá (way), êîòîðûì íàøè òåëà è óìû ðåàãèðóþò íà æèçíåííûå èçìåíåíèÿ. Íå âåñü ñòðåññ ïëîõîé!  ñòðåññîâûõ ñèòóàöèÿõ íåðâíàÿ ñèñòåìà çàñòàâëÿåò ìûøöû íàïðÿãàòüñÿ, äûõàíèå ñòàíîâèòñÿ ïîâåðõíîñòíûì, à àäðåíàëèí âûäåëÿåòñÿ â êðîâîòîê, ÷òîáû òåëî ìîãëî ñïðàâëÿòüñÿ ñ âûçîâàìè ñ êîíöåíòðàöèåé è ñèëîé. Òàê ÷òî íåìíîãî ñòðåññà ìîæåò äåðæàòü òåáÿ â òîíóñå! Íî â äîëãîñðî÷íîé ïåðñïåêòèâå îí ìîæåò ñëèøêîì ñèëüíî íàãðóæàòü ñåðäöå è âûçûâàòü äðóãèå ôèçè÷åñêèå è ýìîöèîíàëüíûå ñèìïòîìû, òàêèå êàê ãîëîâíûå áîëè, äåïðåññèÿ, çàáûâ÷èâîñòü è íèçêàÿ ñàìîîöåíêà. Õîðîøàÿ íîâîñòü, îäíàêî (however), â òîì, ÷òî òû ÌÎÆÅØÜ ñïðàâëÿòüñÿ ñî ñòðåññîì, ïðåæäå ÷åì îí âûéäåò èç-ïîä êîíòðîëÿ! Òàê ÷òî âîçüìè êîíòðîëü â ñâîè ðóêè è ïîìíè î ñâîèõ A-B-C…
A — ACTION (Äåéñòâèå)
Òû ìîæåøü äåéñòâîâàòü, êîãäà ñòðåññ âûçâàí ÷åì-òî, ÷òî òû ìîæåøü êîíòðîëèðîâàòü! Åñëè ó òåáÿ ñëèøêîì ìíîãî äåë, ïîïðîáóé ðàçáèòü çàäàíèÿ íà íåáîëüøèå «÷àñòè» è ðåøàòü èõ ïî î÷åðåäè. Âîçìîæíî, òû ïðîñòî âçÿë íà ñåáÿ ñëèøêîì ìíîãî! Åñëè òàê, âîçüìè ïåðåäûøêó (away) îò âíåêëàññíîé äåÿòåëüíîñòè íà âðåìÿ èëè ïîïðîñè äðóãà èëè ÷ëåíà ñåìüè ïîìî÷ü òåáå ðàçãðóçèòü íàãðóçêó.
B — BEAR IT (Âûäåðæàòü)
Åñëè íè÷åãî íåëüçÿ èçìåíèòü, ïðèä¸òñÿ ïðîñòî «òåðïåòü»! Åñëè ñíà÷àëà òû íå ìîæåøü èçìåíèòü ñâîè ÷óâñòâà, íàó÷èñü êîíòðîëèðîâàòü ìûñëè. Êîãäà ÷óâñòâóåøü ñåáÿ ïîäàâëåííûì, äåëàé ìåäëåííûå ãëóáîêèå âäîõè è ñ÷èòàé äî äåñÿòè. Ïîçæå, êîãäà óñïîêîèøüñÿ, ïðîàíàëèçèðóé ïðîáëåìó ðàöèîíàëüíî. Âîçìîæíî, òåáå ñëåäóåò (ought) ïîâòîðÿòü ñåáå ôðàçó, ÷òîáû ïðèíÿòü ñèòóàöèþ, íàïðèìåð: «Îäíàæäû ÿ áóäó ñìåÿòüñÿ íàä ýòèì». Òàêæå ñòàðàéñÿ ñîõðàíÿòü ïåðñïåêòèâó è íå äðàìàòèçèðîâàòü! Ãîâîðÿ, ÷òî òû «âûðûâàåøü âîëîñû» èëè ÷òî òâîÿ ðàáîòà «óáèâàåò òåáÿ», òû òîëüêî óõóäøàåøü ñâî¸ ñàìî÷óâñòâèå.
C — COPE (Ñïðàâëÿòüñÿ)
Íàéäè ñïîñîáû ñïðàâëÿòüñÿ ñî ñòðåññîì! Äëÿ íà÷àëà, äåëàíèå (doing) ÷åãî-òî ðàññëàáëÿþùåãî, íàïðèìåð, ïðîãóëêà èëè êîôå ñ äðóãîì, ïîìîæåò îòâëå÷üñÿ îò íåïðèÿòíûõ ìûñëåé. Èëè, âîçìîæíî, íàïèñàíèå ñòèõîâ èëè âåäåíèå äíåâíèêà ïîìîæåò òåáå ñïðàâëÿòüñÿ (deal) ñ íåãàòèâíûìè ýìîöèÿìè. È, íàêîíåö, äîñòàòî÷íî ñïè, çàíèìàéñÿ ñïîðòîì è ïèòàéñÿ ðåãóëÿðíî è ïîëåçíî — âñ¸ ýòî âàæíî äëÿ áîðüáû ñî ñòðåññîì! Ïðåæäå âñåãî, ñîõðàíÿé ÷óâñòâî þìîðà è ïîçèòèâíîå îòíîøåíèå! Òâîè ïðîáëåìû íå äîëæíû óïðàâëÿòü òâîåé æèçíüþ.
Ðåøåíèå #
1-2 – having
2-3 – lonely
3-3 – way
4-4 – however
5-4 – away
6-1 – ought
7-4 – deal
Çàäàíèå â ó÷åáíèêå 2019 ãîäà:
Ïðî÷èòàéòå òåêñò. Çàïîëíèòå ïðîïóñêè (1-8) â òåêñòå íà ñòð.29, èñïîëüçóÿ A, B, C èëè D. Ñðàâíèòå ñ ïàðòíåðîì.
Ðàññëàáüòåñü!
Âàì òÿæåëî ó÷èòüñÿ íà A - óðîâåíü (íà ïÿòåðêè), ó âàñ åñòü ðàáîòà ñ ÷àñòè÷íîé çàíÿòîñòüþ, âàøè ðîäèòåëè íà ïîë ïóòè ê (1-À, getting) ðàçâîäó è âû áåñïîêîèòåñü, ÷òî âàø ëó÷øèé äðóã çëèòñÿ íà âàñ.  ïðèíöèïå, âû ÷óâñòâóåòå, ÷òî òåðÿåòå êîíòðîëü! Íè÷åãî íå
íàïîìèíàåò? Íó, âû íå (2-Â, alone) îäèíîêè, ïîòîìó ÷òî 92% áðèòàíñêèõ ïîäðîñòêà ÷óâñòâóþò ñåáÿ íàïðÿæåííî. Òàê, ïîñêîëüêó äàâëåíèå âîçðàñòàåò â ïîäãîòîâèòåëüíûé ïåðèîä ê ýêçàìåíàì, ìû ïîäóìàëè ðàññêàçàòü ïðàâäó î òîì, ÷òî äåëàåò ñòðåññ, è ÷òî íàèáîëåå âàæíî, ÷òî ìû ìîæåì ñäåëàòü ñ ýòèì!
Ïðàâäà î ñòðåññå
 äâóõ ñëîâàõ, "ñòðåññ" ýòî (3-C, way) ñïîñîáíîñòü íàøåãî òåëà è óìà ðåàãèðîâàòü íà èçìåíåíèÿ â æèçíè. Íå âåñü ñòðåññ ïëîõîé!  ñòðåññîâûõ ñèòóàöèÿõ, íåðâíàÿ ñèñòåìà âûçûâàåò íàïðÿæåíèå ìûøö, äûõàíèå ñòàíåò ÷àñòûì è àäðåíàëèí âûïóñêàåòñÿ â êðîâü, òàê âàøå òåëî ãîòîâèòñÿ (4-D, meet) äëÿ ðåøåíèÿ ïðîáëåì âìåñòå ñ âíèìàíèåì è ñèëîé. Òàê, íåìíîãî íàïðÿæåíèÿ äåëàåò âàñ òðåâîæíûì! Íî â äîëãîñðî÷íîé ïåðñïåêòèâå, ýòî ìîæåò ñëèøêîì ñèëüíî íàãðóæàòü âàøå ñåðäöå è âûçûâàòü äðóãèå ôèçè÷åñêèå è ýìîöèîíàëüíûå ñèìïòîìû, òàêèå êàê ãîëîâíàÿ áîëü, äåïðåññèÿ, çàáûâ÷èâîñòü è íèçêóþ ñàìîîöåíêó. Õîðîøåé íîâîñòüþ, îäíàêî, ÿâëÿåòñÿ òî, ÷òî âû ìîæåòå ñïðàâèòüñÿ ñî ñòðåññîì, ïðåæäå, ÷åì îí âûéäåò èç-ïîä êîíòðîëÿ! Òàêèì îáðàçîì, âîçüìèòå ñåáÿ â ðóêè è ïîìíèòå A-B-Cs...
A - äåéñòâóéòå
Âû ìîæåòå ïðèíÿòü ìåðû, êîãäà íàïðÿæåíèå ñîçäàíî ÷åì-òî, ÷åì Âû ìîæåòå óïðàâëÿòü! Åñëè ó âàñ ñëèøêîì ìíîãî äåë, êîòîðûå íóæíî ñäåëàòü, íàïðèìåð, ïîïûòàéòåñü ðàçäåëèòü çàäà÷è íà áîëåå ìåëêèå «÷àñòè», è äåëàéòå îäíî äåëî çà äðóãèì â ïîðÿäêå î÷åðåäíîñòè. Âîçìîæíî, ïðîñòî âû âçÿëè íà ñåáÿ ñëèøêîì ìíîãî! Åñëè ýòî òàê, (5-A, up) îòêàæèòåñü îò ïîñëå øêîëüíîé äåÿòåëüíîñòè íà íåêîòîðîå âðåìÿ, íàïðèìåð, èëè ïîïðîñèòå äðóãà èëè ÷ëåíà ñåìüè ïîìî÷ü âàì îáëåã÷èòü áðåìÿ.
B - òåðïèòå
Åñëè âû íè÷åãî íå ìîæåòå ñäåëàòü, òî âû ïðîñòî äîëæíû "ñêðûâàòü çà óëûáêîé ñâîè ïåðåæèâàíèÿ”! Åñëè, âû íå ìîæåòå èçìåíèòü âàøè ÷óâñòâà, çàïîìíèòå, êàê óïðàâëÿòü âàøèìè ìûñëÿìè. Êîãäà âû ÷óâñòâóåòå ñåáÿ ïîäàâëåííî, ñäåëàéòå ìåäëåííûé (6-Ñ, deep) ãëóáîêèé âäîõ è ñîñ÷èòàéòå äî äåñÿòè. Ïîçæå, óñïîêîèâøèñü, ïðîàíàëèçèðóéòå ïðîáëåìó ðàöèîíàëüíî. Âîçìîæíî, âû ñìîãëè ïîâòîðèòü ñêàçàííîå, ÷òîáû ïîìî÷ü ñåáå ïðèíÿòü ñâîþ ñèòóàöèþ, òàêîé êàê, “Îäíàæäû ÿ áóäó ñìåÿòüñÿ íàä ýòèì”.. Êðîìå òîãî, ïîïûòàéòåñü äåðæàòü âåùè íà áóäóùåå è íå áûòü ñëèøêîì äðàìàòè÷íûì! Âûñêàçûâàíèÿ, ÷òî âû «ðâ¸òå íà ñåáå âîëîñû» èëè, ÷òî âàøà ðàáî÷àÿ íàãðóçêà “óáèâàåò âàñ” òîëüêî çàñòàâÿò âàñ ÷óâñòâîâàòü ñåáÿ åùå õóæå!
Ñ – ñîâëàäàéòå ñ íèì
Íàéäèòå ñïîñîáû óïðàâëåíèÿ âàøèì ñòðåññîì! Äëÿ íà÷àëà, ñäåëàéòå ÷òî-òî ðàññëàáëÿþùåå, ñõîäèòå íà ïðîãóëêó èëè íà êîôå ñ äðóãîì, ýòî ïîìîæåò îòâëå÷üñÿ (7-Â, mind) îò âåùåé, êîòîðûå ïðåñëåäóþò âàñ. Èëè, âîçìîæíî, íàïèøèòå ñòèõè èëè äíåâíèê, êîòîðûé ïîìîæåò âàì (8-D, deal) ðàçîáðàòüñÿ ñ âàøèìè îòðèöàòåëüíûìè ýìîöèÿìè. Ïîñëåäíåå, íî íå ìåíüøåå èç âñåãî, âûñûïàéòåñü, òðåíèðóéòåñü è êóøàéòå ïèòàòåëüíóþ ïèùó - ýòî âñå íåîáõîäèìî äëÿ áîðüáû ñî ñòðåññîì! Ïðåæäå âñåãî, ïîñòàðàéòåñü ñîõðàíÿòü ÷óâñòâî þìîðà è ïîçèòèâíûé íàñòðîé! Âû íå äîëæíû ïîçâîëÿòü âàøèì ïðîáëåìàì óïðàâëÿòü âàøåé æèçíüþ!
Ðåøåíèå #
1-A
2-B
3-C
4-D
5-A
6-C
7-B
8-D
Ïðèâåäåì âûäåðæêó èç çàäàíèÿ èç ó÷åáíèêà Þëèÿ Âàóëèíà, Äæóííè Äóëè 11 êëàññ, Ïðîñâåùåíèå:
2 a Read the text. Fill in the gaps (1-8) in the text on p. 29 with A, B, C or D. Compare with a partner.
Read the text and complete the gaps 1 -7 with the correct answer 1,2, 3 or 4.
1 1 getting 2 having 3 doing 4 making
2 1 separated 2 alone 3 lonely 4 isolated
3 1 method 2 style 3 way 4 manner
4 1 still 2 although 3 so 4 however
5 1 up 2 back 3 over 4 away
6 1 ought 2 could 3 shall 4 would
7 1 face 2 manage 3 handle 4 deal
You’re studying hard for your A-levelsб you’ve got a part-time job, your parents are in the middle of 1) a divorce and you’re worried that your best friend is mad at you. Basically, you feel like you’re losing control! Sound familiar? Well, you’re not 2) because 92% of British teens feel stressed. So, as the pressure mounts in the run-up to exams, we thought we’d give you the lowdown on what stress is and does and, most importantly, what we can do about it!
The lowdown on stress
In a nutshell, "stress'' is the 3) our bodies and m.nds react to life's changes. Not all stress is bad! In stressful situations, the nervous system causes muscles to tense, breathing to become shallow and adrenaline to be released into your bcodsiream as your body gets ready to meet challenges with focus and strength. So. a little stress can keep you on your toes! But. in the long term. it can put too much strain on your heart and cause other physical and emotional symptoms such as headaches, depression, forgetfulness and low self-esteem. The good news. 4) is that you CAN deal with stress before it gets out of hand! So. take control and REMEMBER YOUR A-B-Cs ...
A is for ACTION
You can take acton when stress is created by something you can control! If you have too many things to do. for example, try to break tasks down into smaller ‘chunks', and deal with one thing at a time in order of pnority. Perhaps it's just that you've taken on too much! If so. give 5) an after-school activity for a while, for example, or ask a friend or family member to help you lighten the load.
Ð’ is for BEAR IT
If there's nothing you can do. you'll just have to ‘grin and bear ill! If. at first, you can't change your feelings, learn how to control your thoughts. When you feel overwhelmed, take slow, deep breaths and count to ten. Later, once you've calmed down. analyse the problem rationally. Perhaps you 6) repeat a saying to help you accept your situation, such as "One day I'll laugh about this". Also, try to keep things in perspective and don’t be too dramatic! Saying that you're 'pulling vour hair out' or that your workload ‘is killing you' will only make you feel worse!
C is for COPE
Find ways to handle your stress! For a start. dc:ng something relaxing, such as gc:ng for a walk or for a coffee with a fnend. will help take your mind off the things that are bugging you. Or perhaps writing poetry or keeping a diary wil help you to 7) with your negative emotions. Last but not least, getting enough sleep, exercising and eating regular, nutritious meals are all essential for coping with stress! Above all. try to keep a sense of humour and a positive attitude! You don't have to let your problems rule your life!
Ïîïóëÿðíûå ðåøåáíèêè 11 êëàññ Âñå ðåøåáíèêè
*ðàçìåùàÿ òåêñòû â êîììåíòàðèÿõ íèæå, âû àâòîìàòè÷åñêè ñîãëàøàåòåñü ñ ïîëüçîâàòåëüñêèì ñîãëàøåíèåì