Ñòð.85 ÃÄÇ Starlight Áàðàíîâà 8 êëàññ

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Reading Task

Read the text. In each question choose the correct answer À, Â, C or D.

Cultural Show Offs

Men painted as skeletons terrorise the crowd with sharp primitive bows. Mudmen covered in dried mud and wearing huge mud masks shake 10 centimetre long fingernails menacingly at their audience. This is obviously no ordinary show; in fact there is no show quite like traditional 'sing sing' dances from one of the hundreds of tribes of Papua New Guinea.

Fifty years ago, a visitor would have a lot to fear from one of these tribal groups who often attacked and killed other rival groups. Nowadays, however, these groups have left their hostilities in the past and now celebrate their cultural differences through music, song and dance at a variety of shows held throughout Papua New Guinea.

It used to be that these gatherings were an opportunity to celebrate marriages, trade useful items or reduce tensions between enemy tribes. Today, 'sing sing' celebrations such as the one held in Mount Hagen deep in the mountains of Papua New Guinea attract hundreds of tribal groups. Tribal groups from all over the country, many of them on foot, journey through the dense jungle of the mountains to the town of Mount Hagan to take part in the 'sing sing' show. The Mount Hagan show is the equivalent to a large dance competition with groups performing 'sing sing' dances for prize money, a chance to show off their ancestral heritage, but most of all for the glory that first prize at this show brings to the tribe. Although the show brings in local crowds of more than 50,000, very few tourists attend the event due to its remote location.

Recently, these 'sing sing' shows are being promoted outside the country and many tourists are becoming aware of these unique cultural gatherings. In the past locals preferred that tourists did not attend, but slowly they are becoming more open to foreign audiences.

Those who are privileged enough to be part of the audience at the Mount Hagen show are in for an incredible cultural journey. Over the course of two days more than 50 cultural groups take to a muddy field to perform their unique 'sing sing' dances. Tribesmen like the Huli Wigmen with colourful painted bodies and faces and wearing elaborate headdresses (wigs) made of exotic feathers parade out onto the field. To the sound of beating drums, the Huli Wigmen begin to sway in their long grass skirts as they perform their traditional bird dance in honour of the famous birds of paradise found in the highlands of their territory. Other tribes such as the Asaro Mudmen, wearing huge mud masks and shaking fierce weapons, perform silent dances once used to terrify their enemies. Other dances act out tribal stories with the popular Simbu skeleton dancers performing an attack on a magical beast.

As group after group perform, the field becomes alive with music, colour and tantalising dances. Even after the formal competition has ended, the dancing and singing continues for hours as the groups continue to celebrate with the sounds of chanting and drums. And although the field is an obvious mixture of different cultures with different beliefs, there is a sense of community amid this colourful gathering.

1 The purpose of the shows is to honour each tribes' cultural identity.

A to avoid conflict between rival tribes.

 to celebrate marriages between tribes.

C to honour each tribes' cultural identity.

D to share and trade valuable goods.

2 The main reason many tribes attend the Mount Hagen show is for the prestige of winning.

A for the prize money.

 for the prestige of winning.

C to show off their cultural history.

D to perform in front of large crowds.

3 The Mount Hagan Show is not a tourist attraction because it is difficult to get to.

A it is difficult to get to.

 it is not promoted abroad.

C it is unknown to tourists.

D locals don't want tourists there.

4 The Huli Wigmen performance celebrates a local animal.

A doesn't include music.

 is based on a mythical story.

C celebrates a local animal.

D demonstrates a wartime dance.

5 According to the text, the Mount Hagan Show ends with a feeling of unity amongst the tribes.

A with an understanding of the different cultural beliefs.

 with individual cultural groups performing a song or a chant.

C with the creation of a new tribal community.

D with a feeling of unity amongst the tribes.