Ñòð.62-64 Ìîäóëü 3 ÃÄÇ Starlight Áàðàíîâà 8 êëàññ

Ïðèâåäåì âûäåðæêó èç çàäàíèÿ èç ó÷åáíèêà Áàðàíîâà, Äóëè, Êîïûëîâà 8 êëàññ, Ïðîñâåùåíèå:

3 Focus on RNE

Reading - Task 2

1 Read the text. Decide which of the statements (1-8) are true (1 -True), false (2 - False) or not stated, meaning that you cannot give a clear answer to them (3 - Not stated).

1 The Asian elephant is possibly under the threat of extinction.

1 True

2 False

3 Not stated

2 A drop in shark populations has environmental consequences.

1 True

2 False

3 Not stated

3 Stewart became interested in sharks after graduating from university.

1 True

2 False

3 Not stated

4 Stewart’s photograph of wildlife have appeared in magazines across the world.

1 True

2 False

3 Not stated

5 Shark fins are a prized ingredient.

1 True

2 False

3 Not stated

6 Stewart ran out of money while making the film.

1 True

2 False

3 Not stated

7 Stewart kept a safe distance from the sharks while filming them.

1 True

2 False

3 Not stated

8 The local authorities were fully supportive of Stewart in his effort.

1 True

2 False

3 Not stated

Swimming with sharks

When we talk about endangered species, we might mention the sea turtle or the giant panda or maybe even the Asian elephant, but we rarely consider the shark. That’s not surprising when we see sharks in films, TV series and books portrayed as man-eating predators. In fact, the shark population has dropped over the last 30 years by 90%, mainly because of illegal fishing. Sharks may be at the top of the food chain, but they have a vital role in maintaining the ecosystem. When their numbers decrease, it disturbs the natural balance of the oceans.

One man, Rob Stewart, has dedicated himself to raising awareness about sharks, whose bad reputation is, he believes, completely undeserved. “Sharks kill about 5 people a year and yet they are loathed," he says. “Elephants kill at least 100 people but when a single elephant falls in Africa the world goes crazy.” Stewart first became fascinated by sharks as a child and after graduating with a degree in Marine Biology, he became a wildlife photographer. It was on an assignment to the Galapagos Islands, one of the world's most protected marine reserves, that he came across hundreds of dead sharks hanging from a 60 km length of commercial fishing line. If that kind of illegal fishing could happen there, what was happening in the rest of the world? He found that up to 100 million sharks are being killed every year and a third of the 500 species of shark are under threat of extinction. Shark fins are incredibly valuable as a luxury item particularly for use in shark fin soup. Dried fins go for as much as $300 for half a kilo, but the rest of the shark is discarded. Yet, people aren't as concerned about the mass murder of sharks as they are about koala bears.

Stewart decided the best way to show the world what was happening was to make a documentary. After spending his life savings, watching DVDs on his laptop and learning the basics of film-making, he set off for Costa Rica where he swam with and even hugged the sharks while making his film. As sharks are afraid of humans, he spent an enormous amount of time underwater just hoping for the sharks to come near. Stewart learned how to control his heartbeat to avoid panicking the sharks. After coming into conflict with organised crime and local authorities, he had to escape by boat. Another time he caught a flesh-eating disease that led to a stay in hospital. Despite such difficulties, Stewart managed to produce Sharkwater. a powerful documentary about the cruel way mankind treats sharks. It has been a huge success, winning lots of international awards, but Stewart is carrying on with his mission to save the shark. “The oceans feed most of the planet. It's a system we can't mess with,” Stewart says. “It's not just about saving sharks, it's about saving ourselves.”

Listening - Task 3

Study skulls

Multiple Choice Questions

Read the questions and the answer choices, paying particular attention to the key words n each. As you do this, also think about what the topic of the conversation might be. What you read in the questions will give you clues. Remember that the incorrect options will be mentioned in the conversation in some way, so don't be tricked.

Preparing for the task

2 Read the questions, focusing on the underlined words. Now read the script. What is the correct answer? Which words/phrases helped you decide? Why are the other options wrong?

Who does Chris decide to help?

1 homeless people

2 animals

3 children

Chris: I've decided to donate part of my salary bonus to a charity this year, but I'm not sure which.

Alana: Really? Good for you! How about the shelter for stray cats and dogs where I work? We can always use the extra money!

Chris: I make a regular donation there every month. I was thinking of helping the homeless.

Alana: Also an excellent idea. Or, you can buy presents for the little ones at the orphanage.

Chris: That's brilliant! I'll get on it right now!

3 You'll hear two young people talking. For questions 1-6, choose the correct answer, 1, 2 or 3. You will hear the recording twice.

1 How long did Brendan work?

1 all summer

2 two weeks

3 six weeks

2 Brendan says that in the animal shelter

1 there was much work to be done.

2 volunteers were not allowed to feed the animals.

3 animals were taken on walks daily.

3 Brendan's job was to

1 raise money for the shelter.

2 conduct guided tours of the shelter.

3 feed the animals and clean their enclosures.

4 From his work at the shelter, Brendan gained knowledge on

1 the terrible conditions wild animals live in.

2 how to deal with aggressive animals.

3 how to look after hurt animals.

5 Brendan says that to work in the shelter you have to

1 work well in a team.

2 be caring but strong.

3 be a good manager.

6 Brendan thinks that

1 anybody can be a volunteer.

2 there should be more experienced volunteers.

3 there are enough volunteers.

Grammar & Vocabulary - Task 2

4 Read the text. Complete the gaps with the proper lexical form of the words in brackets.

When photographer David Slater went to snap some black Macaque monkeys in Indonesia, he got a bit of a surprise! The black macaque is a rare, endangered species of monkey and is being studied in Indonesia by a team of scientists interested in 1) (conserve). Macaques may be rare, but they aren't shy! While David was walking with them he began to notice that the monkeys were very interested in his photography 2) (equip). Finally, overcome by 3) (curious), one of the monkeys stole the camera from David's bag. When he caught 4) (see) of his own reflection in the camera, the naughty macaque was fascinated. Clearly, the macaque was pleased with his 5) (appear) because he found the camera's button and began to snap photos of himself and his friends! "He must have taken 4 hundreds of photos," says David "but not many were in focus. He 6) (obvious) hadn't worked that out yet"!

Writing

Writing tip

Informal letters

When writing informal letters, don't forget to use an appropriate style of writing.

Informal writing is characterised by:

a friendly greeting (e.g. Hi Anne, Dear Mae), and a friendly way of signing off (e.g. Take care, Cheers)

short forms (e.g. isn't, I've, he'll)

everyday language (e.g. How's things?, Your idea sounds cool!)

omission of personal pronouns (e.g. Hope we'll meet soon, Have to go now)

simple linking words (e.g. and, but, so)

5 You have 30 minutes to do this task.

You have received a letter from your English-speaking pen friend, Alex.

... I'm volunteering in a beach clean-up day next weekend. Our local beach is just full of rubbish!

Is there a strong volunteering spirit in your community? Would you rather volunteer or donate money to support a good cause? If you could single-handedly solve one environmental problem of our planet which would you choose and why?...

Write a letter and answer his 3 questions.

Write 100-120 words. Remember the rules of letter writing.

Speaking - Task 3

Study skills

Speaking at Length

Take your time and cover each point in depth. It will require 12-15 sentences to fill two minutes, so you should aim at four sentences on each point, plus an introductory and a concluding sentence. Possible topics you might have to talk about are: communication within the family and at school, relations with friends and peers, free time and hobbies of young people, English-speaking countries, native country, famous people, their contribution to science and world culture, nature and environmental problems, keeping fit, problem of choosing a career and the role of a foreign language in life.

Preparing for the task

6 Look at the task in Ex. 6. Copy the table in your notebooks and complete it with the points below.

children's charity

children and the homeless

many are reluctant to give second chances to those living in the streets

some people feel obliged to help those less fortunate than themselves

I'd like to help children at a disadvantage have the same opportunities I did

others do so because they get a sense of personal satisfaction

neglected or orphaned children are deprived of a normal childhood

they see it as a way of giving back to society

I like the idea that I can make a difference in a child's life

why volunteer

vulnerable people

charity

7 You are going to give a talk about community action. You will have to start in 1.5 minutes and speak for no more than 2 minutes. Remember to say:

why people volunteer

who you believe the most vulnerable members of society are

what charity you have been involved or would like to be involved in

You have to talk continuously.