Упр.5 Unit 3 Урок 89
ГДЗ Happy English Кауфман 9 класс
5 Прочитайте текст и будьте готовы ответить на вопросы из упр.6.
Джефферсон
Томас Джефферсон родился в Вирджинии, 13 апреля 1743 года. Его отец, Питер Джефферсон, и его мать, Джейн Рэндолф, оба происходили из уважаемых семей в Вирджинии. У юного Томаса было очень хорошее образование, он изучал законы в Колледже Уильяма и Мэри. Ему было 25 лет, когда он был избран в палату Бюргеров, первого избранного законодательного собрания в Новом Мире. Джефферсона очень уважали за его талант письма, хотя он никогда не был хорошим спикером. В то же самое время Джефферсон начал успешную карьеру как профессиональный адвокат, чем он и занимался до 1774 года, когда суды были закрыты при американской Революциии.
Но, как вы знаете, что это был не конец его политической карьере, гораздо позже Томас Джефферсон стал третьим президентом США. Как это случилось? Позвольте мне рассказать вам. С самого начала американской войны с метрополией, Джефферсон был самым радикальным из патриотов. В 1775 году его выбрали в качестве делегата от Вирджинии во Втором Континентальном конгрессе.
В 1776 году Конгресс решил, что больше союз с Великобританией больше невозможен, и Америка должна стать независимой страной. Томаса Джефферсона избрали, чтобы написать официальный документ, который проинформирует британского короля и мир о решении Конгресса. Те, кто хорошо считает, наверное, уже поняли, что в то время Джефферсону было всего тридцать три года.
Джефферсон заперся в кабинете и начал писать. Он всегда был хорошим писателем, и вскоре проект документа был готов. Ему понадобилось всего 17 дней. В этом документе Джефферсон выражал идеи свободы, который были очень дороги ему. Он писал, что все люди имеют одинаковые права. Независимо от рождения, богатства или статуса все имели право на жизнь, свободу и счастье. Он также считает, что правительство является слугой, а не хозяином человека и, что правительства создаются людьми для того, чтобы защитить свои права.
Документ Джефферсона был прочитан конгрессом, а после были внесены некоторые изменения, и был подписано всеми делегатами из тринадцати колоний 4 июля 1776 года. Документ был назван «Декларацией независимости». Вот как все начиналось...
«Мы считаем эти истины само собой разумеющимся, что все люди созданы равными, и что они наделены их Творцом определёнными правами, к числу которых относятся жизнь, свобода и стремление к счастью; что для обеспечения этих прав учреждаются правительства из мужчин, черпающие свои законные полномочия из согласия управляемых».
Декларация о независимости стала одной из самых важных документов для Америки, потому что именно он объявил независимость Америки от Великобритании и фактически начал свою историю как нация. В память об этом каждый год американцы празднуют 4 июля День Независимости.
Декларация сделала Джефферсона чрезвычайно популярным, но он хотел проводить больше времени со своей семьей и попытаться сделать больше для своего собственного государства, поэтому он оставил Конгресс и вернулся в Вирджинию, где три года спустя он был избран губернатором. В общем, Джефферсон служил в штате Вирджиния и в его стране на протяжении более сорока лет. Он был американским министром Франции, госсекретарем при Джордже Вашингтоне, вице-президентом, затем президентом Соединенных Штатов с 1801 по 1809 года. Джефферсон удвоил размеры своей страны, когда он купил огромную территорию Луизианы у Франции.
Надпись на надгробной плите Джефферсон, которую он написал сам, ничего не говорит обо всем этом. Там говорится, что Томас Джефферсон был "автором Декларации независимости Америки, автором штата Вирджиния на свободу вероисповедания, и отцом Университета Вирджинии" и, как Джефферсон хотел, «ни слова больше».
5 Read the text and be ready to answer the questions of Ex. 6.
Jefferson
Thomas Jefferson was born in Virginia, on 13 April 1743. His father, Peter Jefferson, and his mother, Jane Randolph, both came from the most respected Virginian families. Young Thomas had a very good education, and he read law in the College of William and Mary. He was 25 when he was elected to the House of Burgesses, the first elected legislative assembly in the New World. Jefferson was greatly respected for his writing talent, though he was never a good speaker. At the same time Jefferson started a successful career as a professional lawyer and practised until 1774, when the courts were closed by the American Revolution.
But as you may know this was not the end of his political career; much later Thomas Jefferson was to become the third President of the USA. How did it happen? Let me tell you. From the beginning of the American War with the mother country, Jefferson stood with the most radical of the patriots. In 1775 he was chosen as a delegate from Virginia to the Second Continental Congress.
In 1776 the Congress decided that no further alliance with Great Britain was possible, and America had to become an independent country. Thomas Jefferson was chosen to write the official document which would inform the British king and the world about the decision of the Congress. Those of you who are good with figures have probably already realized that at that time Jefferson was only thirty-three years old.
Jefferson locked himself up in his study and started to write. He was always a good writer and soon the draft of the document was ready. It took him only 17 days. In this document Jefferson expressed the ideas of freedom which were very dear to him. He wrote that all men have the same rights. Regardless of birth, wealth, or status everybody had the right to life, freedom and happiness. He also thought that the government is the servant, not the master, of human beings and that governments were created by people in order to protect their rights.
The Congress read Jefferson's document and, after some changes were made, it was signed by all the delegates from the thirteen colonies on July 4, 1776. The document was called the Declaration of Independence. That's how it started...
"We hold these truths to be self-evident; that all men are created equal; that they are endowed by their Creator with certainrights; that among these are life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness; that to secure these rights, governments are instituted among men, deriving their just powers from the consent of the governed."
The Declaration of Independence became one of the most important documents for America because it declared American independence from Great Britain and actually started its history as a nation. In memory of this every year Americans celebrate July 4 as Independence Day.
The Declaration made Jefferson extremely popular, but he wanted to spend more time with his family and try to do more for his own state, so he left Congress and returned to Virginia, where three years later he was chosen as governor. All in all, Jefferson served the state of Virginia and his country for more than forty years. He was a US minister to France, Secretary of State under George Washington, Vice-President, and then President of the United States from 1801 to 1809. Jefferson doubled the size of his country when he bought the huge territory of Louisiana from France.
The inscription on Jefferson's tombstone, which he wrote himself, doesn't say anything about all of this. It reads that Thomas Jefferson was "author of the Declaration of American Independence, author of the State of Virginia for religious freedom, and Father of the University of Virginia" and, as Jefferson wanted it, "not a word more."
Jefferson
Thomas Jefferson was born in Virginia, on 13 April 1743. His father, Peter Jefferson, and his mother, Jane Randolph, both came from the most respected Virginian families. Young Thomas had a very good education, and he read law in the College of William and Mary. He was 25 when he was elected to the House of Burgesses, the first elected legislative assembly in the New World. Jefferson was greatly respected for his writing talent, though he was never a good speaker. At the same time Jefferson started a successful career as a professional lawyer and practised until 1774, when the courts were closed by the American Revolution.
But as you may know this was not the end of his political career; much later Thomas Jefferson was to become the third President of the USA. How did it happen? Let me tell you. From the beginning of the American War with the mother country, Jefferson stood with the most radical of the patriots. In 1775 he was chosen as a delegate from Virginia to the Second Continental Congress.
In 1776 the Congress decided that no further alliance with Great Britain was possible, and America had to become an independent country. Thomas Jefferson was chosen to write the official document which would inform the British king and the world about the decision of the Congress. Those of you who are good with figures have probably already realized that at that time Jefferson was only thirty-three years old.
Jefferson locked himself up in his study and started to write. He was always a good writer and soon the draft of the document was ready. It took him only 17 days. In this document Jefferson expressed the ideas of freedom which were very dear to him. He wrote that all men have the same rights. Regardless of birth, wealth, or status everybody had the right to life, freedom and happiness. He also thought that the government is the servant, not the master, of human beings and that governments were created by people in order to protect their rights.
The Congress read Jefferson's document and, after some changes were made, it was signed by all the delegates from the thirteen colonies on July 4, 1776. The document was called the Declaration of Independence. That's how it started...
"We hold these truths to be self-evident; that all men are created equal; that they are endowed by their Creator with certainrights; that among these are life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness; that to secure these rights, governments are instituted among men, deriving their just powers from the consent of the governed."
The Declaration of Independence became one of the most important documents for America because it declared American independence from Great Britain and actually started its history as a nation. In memory of this every year Americans celebrate July 4 as Independence Day.
The Declaration made Jefferson extremely popular, but he wanted to spend more time with his family and try to do more for his own state, so he left Congress and returned to Virginia, where three years later he was chosen as governor. All in all, Jefferson served the state of Virginia and his country for more than forty years. He was a US minister to France, Secretary of State under George Washington, Vice-President, and then President of the United States from 1801 to 1809. Jefferson doubled the size of his country when he bought the huge territory of Louisiana from France.
The inscription on Jefferson's tombstone, which he wrote himself, doesn't say anything about all of this. It reads that Thomas Jefferson was "author of the Declaration of American Independence, author of the State of Virginia for religious freedom, and Father of the University of Virginia" and, as Jefferson wanted it, "not a word more."
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