Óïð.1 Ìîäóëü 5 Culture Corner ÃÄÇ Spotlight 11 êëàññ
1 ×òî Âû çíàåòå î áðèòàíñêèõ çäàíèÿõ? ×òî åùå õîòåëè áû âû çíàòü? Íàïèøèòå òðè âîïðîñà. Ïðî÷èòàéòå òåêñòû è ïîñìîòðèòå, ìîæåòå ëè âû îòâåòèòü íà ñâîè âîïðîñû.
Òåêñò â ó÷åáíèêå 2023 ãîäà:
Äîì, ìèëûé äîì
Ïðåäñòàâüòå, ÷òî æèâåòå â ìèëîì äåðåâåíñêîì äîìèêå ïîä íàçâàíèåì «Ðîçîâûé êîòòåäæ» èëè â îãðîìíîì äîìå â ñòèëå Òþäîðîâ ïîä íàçâàíèåì «Âóäëåíäñ». Çâó÷èò ïðåêðàñíî, íå òàê ëè? Õîòÿ íå âñåì áðèòàíöàì òàê 1) ïîâåçëî æèòü â òàêèõ êðàñèâûõ äîìàõ, îíè äåéñòâèòåëüíî æèâóò â ñàìûõ ðàçíûõ òèïàõ æèëüÿ — îò íîâîñòðîåê äî äîìîâ âîçðàñòîì äî 500 ëåò.
Îòäåëüíûå è äâóõêâàðòèðíûå äîìà
Ìíîãèå áðèòàíöû æèâóò â îòäåëüíûõ èëè äâóõêâàðòèðíûõ äîìàõ. Îòäåëüíûé äîì íå ñîåäèí¸í ñ äðóãèìè, à äâóõêâàðòèðíûé ñîåäèí¸í îäíîé ñòåíîé ñ ñîñåäíèì äîìîì. Ýòî êèðïè÷íûå äîìà, ïîñòðîåííûå â 2) ðàçëè÷íûõ ñòèëÿõ — èç êðàñíîãî èëè êîðè÷íåâîãî êèðïè÷à. Íåêîòîðûå äîìà, ïîñòðîåííûå â âèêòîðèàíñêóþ ýïîõó (1837–1901), ïðåäñòàâëÿþò ñîáîé áîëüøèå âèëëû. Èõ ôàñàäû ïîõîæè íà ïðîèçâåäåíèÿ èñêóññòâà: êðóòûå øèôåðíûå êðûøè, âèòðàæè â äâåðÿõ è îêíàõ, êîâàíûå îãðàæäåíèÿ, âûñîêèå äûìîõîäû è ýðêåðíûå îêíà.  òàêèõ äîìàõ ÷àñòî åñòü ïîäâàëû è ÷åðäàêè. Èõ îáû÷íî ìîæíî íàéòè â ïðèãîðîäàõ, íà îêðàèíàõ ãîðîäîâ èëè â äåðåâíÿõ.
Äîì ñ òåððàñîé
Áîëüøèíñòâî ëþäåé, æèâóùèõ â öåíòðàõ ãîðîäîâ èëè ðÿäîì ñ íèìè, æèâóò â äîìàõ ñ òåððàñîé. Áîëüøèíñòâî òàêèõ äîìîâ áûëè ïîñòðîåíû äëÿ ðàáî÷èõ ôàáðèê è çàâîäîâ âî âðåìÿ 3) Ïðîìûøëåííîé ðåâîëþöèè. Äîìà ñòðîèëè «ñïèíà ê ñïèíå», ñîåäèíÿÿ èõ âìåñòå, ÷òîáû ýêîíîìèòü ìåñòî. Êàæäûé ðÿä äîìîâ íàçûâàåòñÿ òåððàñîé, è â íèõ âñåãî ïî äâå êîìíàòû íà êàæäîì ýòàæå.
Êâàðòèðû è ìóíèöèïàëüíîå æèëü¸
 öåíòðàëüíûõ ðàéîíàõ ãîðîäîâ ÷àñòî ìîæíî óâèäåòü âûñîòíûå æèëûå êîìïëåêñû, áîëüøèíñòâî èç êîòîðûõ áûëè ïîñòðîåíû â 1950–60-õ ãîäàõ. Íåêîòîðûå èç íèõ áûëè îòðåìîíòèðîâàíû è 4) íåäàâíî ñòàëè ïîïóëÿðíûìè ñðåäè ñîñòîÿòåëüíûõ ìîëîäûõ 5) ïðîôåññèîíàëîâ. Äðóãèå ïðèíàäëåæàò ìóíèöèïàëèòåòó èëè ñäàþòñÿ ïî íèçêîé öåíå — èõ ñòðîèëè ïîñëå Âòîðîé ìèðîâîé âîéíû, ÷òîáû çàìåíèòü ðàçðóøåííûå äîìà èëè ðàññåëèòü òðóùîáû. Òàêæå âî ìíîãèõ ãîðîäàõ åñòü êðóïíûå ðàéîíû ìóíèöèïàëüíûõ äîìîâ.
Áóíãàëî
Áóíãàëî — ýòî îäíîýòàæíûé äîì áåç ëåñòíèö. Îíî ìîæåò áûòü ñîåäèíåíî ñ äðóãèì áóíãàëî èëè ñòîÿòü îòäåëüíî. Ó íåêîòîðûõ åñòü äîïîëíèòåëüíàÿ êîìíàòà íà ÷åðäàêå — èõ íàçûâàþò «áóíãàëî ñ ìàíñàðäîé». Îáû÷íî îíè ðàñïîëîæåíû â ïðèãîðîäàõ èëè äåðåâíÿõ. 6) Ïåíñèîíåðû èëè ïîæèëûå ëþäè ÷àñòî æèâóò â òàêèõ äîìàõ.
Òåêñò â ó÷åáíèêå 2019 ãîäà:
Äîì, ìèëûé äîì
Ïðåäñòàâüòå ñåáå, æèçíü â ìèëîì çàãîðîäíîì äîìå ïîä íàçâàíèåì «Rose Cottage» èëè îãðîìíîì â ñòèëå Òþäîð äîìå ïîä íàçâàíèåì «Woodlands». Çâó÷èò êðàñèâî, íå òàê ëè? Íå âñåì áðèòàíñêèì ëþäÿì 1)ïîñ÷àñòëèâèëîñü) æèòü â òàêèõ õîðîøèõ äîìàõ, êàê ýòè, íî îíè æèâóò â áîëüøîì äèàïàçîíå äîìîâ, êîòîðûå ìîãóò áûòü âíîâü ïîñòðîåííûìè èëè êîòîðûì áîëüøå 500 ëåò.
Îñîáíÿêè & Äâóõêâàðòèðíûå Çäàíèÿ
Ìíîãèå áðèòàíöû æèâóò â èíäèâèäóàëüíûõ èëè äâóõêâàðòèðíûõ ïîìåñòüÿõ(properties). Îñîáíÿê íå ñîåäèí¸í ñ äðóãèì. Äâóõêâàðòèðíûé ïðèñîåäèíÿåòñÿ ñ îäíîé ñòîðîíû ê äðóãîìó äîìó. Ýòî êèðïè÷íûå äîìà ïîñòðîåííûå â 2)ðàçíûõ ñòèëÿõ. Îíè ñäåëàíû èç êðàñíîãî èëè êîðè÷íåâîãî êèðïè÷à. Íåêîòîðûå èç äîìîâ, 3)ïîñòðîåííûå â âèêòîðèàíñêóþ ýïîõó ìåæäó 1837 è 1901, áûëè áîëüøèìè âèëëàìè. Âíåøíèå ñòîðîíû(exreriors) ïîõîæè íà ïðîèçâåäåíèÿ èñêóññòâà ñ êðóòûìè øèôåðíûìè êðûøàìè(slate roofs), âèòðàæàìè â îêíàõ(stained glass) è äâåðÿõ, æåëåçíûìè ïåðèëàìè(railings), âûñîêèìè äûìîõîäàìè è áîëüøèìè ýðêåðàìè (âûñòóïàþùàÿ èç ïëîñêîñòè ôàñàäà ÷àñòü ïîìåùåíèÿ).  íèõ òàêæå áûëè ïîäâàëû è ÷åðäàêè. Òàêèå òèïû äîìîâ ÷àñòî íàõîäèëèñü â ïðèãîðîäå, íà îêðàèíå ãîðîäîâ èëè â äåðåâíå.
Òàóíõàóñû
Áîëüøèíñòâî ëþäåé, ïðîæèâàþùèõ â öåíòðå ãîðîäà æèâóò â òàóíõàóñàõ. Áîëüøèíñòâî òàóíõàóñîâ áûëè ïîñòðîåíû äëÿ ïðîæèâàíèÿ ëþäåé, êîòîðûå ïðèáûëè â ãîðîäà, äëÿ òîãî ÷òîáû ðàáîòàòü íà ôàáðèêàõ è çàâîäàõ â õîäå 4) ïðîìûøëåííîé ðåâîëþöèè. Ðÿäû äîìîâ áûëè ïîñòðîåíû âïðèòûê, è îáúåäèíåíû äëÿ ýêîíîìèè ìåñòà. Ó Êàæäîãî ðÿäà äîìîâ åñòü òåððàññà è ó íèõ òîëüêî äâå êîìíàòû âíèçó è äâå êîìíàòû íàâåðõó.
Êâàðòèðû & Ìóíèöèïàëüíûå äîìà
 ãîðîäñêèõ ðàéîíàõ, ÷àñòî ìîæíî íàéòè îãðîìíûå ìíîãîêâàðòèðíûå äîìà, áîëüøèíñòâî èç êîòîðûõ áûëè ïîñòðîåíû â 1950-õ è 60-õ ãîäàõ. Íåêîòîðûå èç íèõ áûëè îòðåìîíòèðîâàííû, è â 5) ïîñëåäíåå âðåìÿ ñòàíîâÿòñÿ ïîïóëÿðíûìè ó ñîñòîÿòåëüíûõ ìîëîäûõ 6)ñïåöèàëèñòîâ. Äðóãèå - ìóíèöèïàëüíûå èëè êâàðòèðû ñ äåøåâîé àðåíäíîé ïëàòîé, êîòîðûå áûëè ïîñòðîåíû ïîñëå Âòîðîé ìèðîâîé âîéíû, ÷òîáû çàìåíèòü çäàíèÿ, êîòîðûå áûëè ðàçðóøåíû èëè ÷òîáû î÷èñòèòü ãîðîäñêèå òðóùîáû. Òàêæå, âî ìíîãèõ ãîðîäàõ è åñòü áîëüøèå ìóíèöèïàëüíûå çàñòðîéêè(estates).
Áóíãàëî
Áóíãàëî ýòî îäíîýòàæíûé äîì áåç ëåñòíèöû. Îíî ìîæåò áûòü ïðèñîåäèíåíî ê äðóãîìó áóíãàëî èëè ìîæåò ñòîÿòü â îäèíî÷åñòâå. Íåêîòîðûå èç íèõ èìåþò äîïîëíèòåëüíóþ êîìíàòó íà ÷åðäàêå. Ýòî òàê íàçûâàåìûå áóíãàëî ñ ìàíñàðäîé. Îíè 7)) îáû÷íî íàõîäÿòñÿ â ïðèãîðîäå èëè â ñåëüñêîé ìåñòíîñòè. ×àñòî â ýòèõ äîìàõ æèâóò) 8) ïåíñèîíåðû èëè ïîæèëûå ëþäè.
Ðåøåíèå #
I know that British houses often have fitted carpets. They often have a small garden. (ß çíàþ, ÷òî áðèòàíñêèå äîìà ÷àñòî èìåþò êîâðîâîå ïîêðûòèå. Îíè ÷àñòî èìåþò íåáîëüøîé ñàä).
1 Do all British houses have gardens? (Âî âñåõ ëè áðèòàíñêèõ äîìàõ åñòü ñàäû?)
2 How many rooms are there in a British house? (Ñêîëüêî êîìíàò â áðèòàíñêîì äîìå?)
3 Do British houses have fireplaces? (Â áðèòàíñêèõ äîìàõ åñòü êàìèíû?)
Ïðèâåäåì âûäåðæêó èç çàäàíèÿ èç ó÷åáíèêà Þëèÿ Âàóëèíà, Äæóííè Äóëè 11 êëàññ, Ïðîñâåùåíèå:
Imagine living in a sweet little country house called 'Rose Cottage' or a huge Tudor1-style house called 'Woodlands'. Sounds nice, doesn't it? Not all British
people are 1 ...(luck) enough to live in houses as nice as these, but they do live in a wide range of houses that can be newly-built or up to 500 years old.
Detached & Semi-detached Houses
A lot of British people live in detached or semidetached properties. A detached house is not joined to another. A semi-detached is joined on one side to another house. They are brick houses built in 2 ... (vary) styles. They are made of either red or brown brick. Some of the houses 3 ... (build) in Victorian times between 1837 and 1901 were large villas. The exteriors are like works of art with steep slate roofs, stained glass panels in doors and windows, iron railings, tall chimney pots and large bay windows2. They also had basements and attics. This type of house is often found in the suburbs, on the outskirts of a town or city or in villages.
Terraced Houses
Most people who live in or near town centres live in terraced houses. Most terraced houses were built to house people who came to towns and cities to work in the factories and mills during the 4 ...(Industry) Revolution3. Rows of houses were built back-to-back and they were joined together to save space. Each row of houses is a terrace and they only have two rooms downstairs and two rooms upstairs.
Flats & Council Houses
In inner-city areas, you can often find huge tower blocks of flats most of which were built during the 1950s and 60s. Some of these have been renovated and have 5 ...(recent) become popular with wealthy young 6 ...(profession . Others are council-owned or cheap-to-rent flats that were built after the Second World War to replace houses that had been destroyed or to clear urban slums4. Also, in many cities and towns there are large council house estates.
Bungalows
A bungalow is a house which is only on one floor with no stairs. It may be joined to another bungalow or it might stand alone. Some of them have an extra room in the loft5. These are called dormer bungalows. They are 7 ...(usual) found in the suburbs or in villages. 8 ...(retire) or elderly people often live in these houses.
1 15th century,2 window that sticks out from the outside wall, 3 time of rapid manufacturing growth in the mid 18th century, 4 areas where living conditions are very bad, 5 the space between the ceiling and the roof
1) What do you know about British houses? What else would you like to know? Write three questions. Read the texts and see if you can answer your questions.
Home Sweet Home
Imagine living in a sweet little country house called 'Rose Cottage' or a huge Tudor – style house culled ‘Woodlands'. Sounds nice, doesn't it? Not all British people are 1)___ (LUCK) enough Io live in houses as nice as these, but they do live in a wide range of houses that can be newly-built or up to 500 years old.
Detached & Semi-detached Houses
A lot of British people live in detached or semi-detached properties. A detached house is not joined to another. A semi-detached is joined on one side to another house. They are brick houses built in 2) __(VARY) styles. They are made of either red or brown brick. Some of the houses were built in Victorian times between 1837 and 1901 were large villas. The exteriors are like works of art with steep slate roofs, stained glass panels in doors and windows, iron railings, tall chimney pots and large bay windows. They also had basements and attics. This type of house is often found in the suburbs, on the outskirts of a town or city or in villages.
Terraced Houses
Most people who live in or near town centres live in terraced houses. Most terraced houses were built to house people who came to towns and cities to work in the factories and mills during the 3) __ (INDUSTRY) Revolution. Rows of houses were built back-to-back and they were joined together to save space. Each row of houses is a terrace and they only have two rooms downstairs and two rooms upstairs.
Flats & Council Houses
In inner-city areas, you can often find huge tower blocks of flats, most of which were built during the 1950s and 60s. Some of these have been renovated and have 4) .. (RECENT) become popular with wealthy young 5) __ (PROFESSION). Others are council-owned or cheap-to-rent flats that were built after the Second World War to replace houses that had been destroyed or to clear urban stuns. Also, in many cities and towns there are large council house estates.
Bungalows
A bungalow is a house which is only on one floor with no stairs. It may be joined to another bungalow or it might stand alone. Sane of them have an extra room in the loft. These are called dormer bungalows. They are usually found in the suburbs or in villages. 6) … (RETIRE) or elderly people often live in these houses.
Ïîïóëÿðíûå ðåøåáíèêè 11 êëàññ Âñå ðåøåáíèêè
*ðàçìåùàÿ òåêñòû â êîììåíòàðèÿõ íèæå, âû àâòîìàòè÷åñêè ñîãëàøàåòåñü ñ ïîëüçîâàòåëüñêèì ñîãëàøåíèåì