Ñòð.122-124 Ìîäóëü 6 ÃÄÇ Starlight Áàðàíîâà 8 êëàññ

Ïðèâåäåì âûäåðæêó èç çàäàíèÿ èç ó÷åáíèêà Áàðàíîâà, Äóëè, Êîïûëîâà 8 êëàññ, Ïðîñâåùåíèå:

6 Focus on RNE

1 Read the texts and match each text (A-G) with its heading (1-8). There is one extra heading.

1 Not just for beauty

2 An extreme change

3 A sad result for some

4 The demands of stardom

5 Trying to reach unrealistic goals

6 No need to go under the knife

7 Everyone secretly wants it

8 Archaeological evidence

A Many women in the entertainment industry are under pressure to alter their looks with cosmetic surgery. Women in film are supposed to have flawless features, so any small irregularity in a facial feature could result in an actress falling from the desired 'A list' celebrity status. Age is another factor that affects celebrities. Aging is a process that is definitely frowned upon is show business. This is why both men and women in the film industry will do all they can to combat it, including going under the knife.

B Plastic surgery is by no means something recent or modern. In fact, the first recorded account of plastic surgery is in an Ancient Egyptian papyrus which is 8,000 years old and describes surgery to reconstruct a nose. Nose reconstruction, or rhinoplasty as it is officially called, also has a long tradition in India, going back at least 800 years. Some of the early British plastic surgeons visited India in the 18th century to learn the techniques used in India.

C When anyone mentions plastic surgery, most people immediately think of cosmetic surgery voluntarily performed to improve a person's looks. But plastic surgery is also widely performed for medical reasons. Gone are the days when a baby born with a cleft palate - an opening at the top of the mouth - would be disfigured for life. Plastic surgery has also made huge medical advances in the treatment of burn victims.

D Although cosmetic surgery procedures have risen sharply in the past decade, one area stands out a being the most popular after nose jobs: implants. The number of people, both men and women, who are opting for implant surgery in order to drastically alter the shape of their body is growing higher and higher The most popular areas in the body where implant: are inserted are the chest, buttocks, and cheeks.

E There may be a growing number of people opting' for cosmetic surgery but there are more appearance enhancement procedures available now. One sue procedure is the use of 'fillers' or Botox, which are injected into the area being treated. Fillers are often made of collagen and are used to smooth out area with wrinkles such as the forehead, or plump areas such as the lips. Botox is a neurotoxic produced by the bacterium Clostridium botulinum which can actually cause a lethal disease. It will temporarily paralyse facial muscles and so make the skin appear smoother for up to six weeks.

F No medical procedure is risk-free and that applies to cosmetic surgery and treatments. Unfortunately some unethical beauty practitioners have given clients filler or Botox injections that have resulted in facial disfigurement. Also, as implant surgery can be very expensive in Europe and the US some people will travel to countries that offer procedures cheaply unaware that the facilities and materials they use are of low standard. Implant surgery has resulted in quite a few deaths in recent years.

G Cosmetic surgery tends to be associated with middle aged women, as most procedures are to combat the signs of aging. However, more and more young people are choosing to have treatments nowadays Many young people have been affected be advertising and other media which show unrealistic images of models and other stars. Though most such images have been digitally enhanced, they do add the insecurity many young people feel about the looks. They feel that such perfection is only attainable if you pay to have work done by a cosmetic surgeon.

Reading – Task 2

2 Read the text. Decide which of the statements (1-8) are true (1 - True), false (2 - False) or not stated, meaning that you cannot give a clear answer to them (3 - Not stated).

1 A whistled language is very useful for those trying to communicate from far away.

1 True

2 False

3 Not stated

2 Whistled languages often consist of secret codes.

1 True

2 False

3 Not stated

3 At first, it was difficult for the islanders to learn and use El Silbo.

1 True

2 False

3 Not stated

4 El Silbo was very useful in wartime in the past.

1 True

2 False

3 Not stated

5 New technologies made the use of whistled languages less frequent.

1 True

2 False

3 Not stated

6 Youths today are not interested in keeping El Silbo alive.

1 True

2 False

3 Not stated

7 The people of Kuskoy are now starting to see the usefulness of a whistled language.

1 True

2 False

3 Not stated

8 The winner of the best whistler competition is awarded a grand prize.

1 True

2 False

3 Not stated

Imagine you lived high on a mountain with no mobile phone or fixed line. What’s the best way to tell your dad at the bottom of the mountain to bring home some milk? By whistling, of course! That’s how some communities around the world communicate - through a whistled language.

Linguists believe there are about 70 whistled languages still in use today, although only 12 are fully understood. Most are found in isolated areas with difficult terrain, such as mountains or canyons, where communication over distances is difficult. The obvious advantage of whistled seed speech is that it allows the speaker to communicate over larger distances (up to 5 km) than ordinary speech. The whistler also has the benefit of reaching a number of people at once. Although this is not practical for those wanting a private conversation, it is a convenient and efficient way to spread news fast.

Most whistled languages are based on actual spoken languages and are not secret codes. They express the same information as the spoken language through the tone, length and stress of the whistle. Speakers of whistled languages can even switch from whistles to speech in midsentence, like many of the residents of the small island of La Gomera in the Canary Islands.

Several hundred years ago. the people of this mountainous island developed a whistled language called ‘El Silbo’; the name comes from the Spanish verb silbar which means ‘to whistle’, and it developed out of the islanders need to communicate over inaccessible valleys and towering cliffs. Traditionally, when one person heard a whistle, they passed it on. Islanders became so skilled that messages were successfully spread from one end of the island to the other. El Silbo has played a vital role in the island’s history. It was the main form of communication during invasions, wars and immigration. With the advent of modern forms of communication, such as the telephone and the mobile phone, though, the use of the whistled language slowly declined. Today, El Silbo is rarely used in everyday communication; however, it is still used to announce community events among the farming communities. In order to protect the language from dying out, the authorities in La Gomera have made El Silbo a part of the school curriculum. The young people have embraced the idea of learning the language and even see some advantages in it. “It’s less expensive than a mobile phone and it’s fun,” says nine-year-old Andrea.

The people of La Gomera are fiercely proud of their linguistic heritage. The same pride can be seen in Kuskoy. Turkey - known as the ‘bird village.’ About 1,000 residents in and around the village also use a whistled language to communicate across the rocky valleys. They have 29 whistles, one for each letter of the Turkish alphabet. The whistled language is a direct translation of Turkish words and has been passed down from generation to generation in this rural community. Locals are determined not to let their bird language die out as they face the onslaught of modern technology. “Most people here are farmers and still whistle across the valleys to communicate with their neighbours,” explains one of the residents. The village even holds an annual festival for the best whistler. It's an event that brings out the entire community to celebrate their unique linguistic heritage. The message from Kuskoy is simple: despite all the advances that have been made in the field of communication, sometimes the old ways are still the best.

3 Read the text. Fill in the gaps with the proper lexical form of the words in brackets.

'Hear ye, hear ye!' corner. He's dressed in elaborate eighteenth century clothes - a black, red and gold coat, knee-length trousers, black buckled shoes and a three-cornered hat. He could be an actor with a role in a 1) (history) drama, but he is actually the 'town crier' in a British town!

In Medieval Britain, town criers were employed to make public 2) (announce) in the streets, like a newspaper for those who could not read. They used to walk around the town centre and draw the public’s attention using a hand bell, and, of course, their loud voice! They would publicise market days, local news, adverts and sometimes even the price of groceries. They would also sometimes have to give 3) (popular) news such as tax increases, so they were protected by law in case anyone reacted 4) (anger).

Nowadays, town criers can still be heard in some towns. Every year in the United Kingdom there is also an annual town crying 5) (compete), which includes categories such as 'loudest town crier' and 'best-dressed town crier'. Liverpool, in northwest England, has recently appointed a town crier after 200 years without one, so, it looks like the men with the loved voice and the special costume will 6) (bright up) the streets for years to come.

Listening

4 You will hear four short dialogues (A-D). Decide where these dialogues take place. Use the places (1-5) from the list only once. There is one extra place in the list.

1 school

2 beauty salon

3 cafe

4 dentist's

5 gym

Writing

5 You have 30 minutes to do this task.

You have received a letter from your English- speaking pen friend, John.

My new friend, Sam, is really great! I'm sure you'll get along well when you meet.

What's your best friend like? What qualities of his or hers do you admire most? What would make you not want to be friends with him or her any longer?

Write him a letter and answer his 3 questions. Write 100-120 words. Remember the rules of letter writing.

Speaking - Task 2

6 Take part in a telephone survey. You have to answer six questions. Give full answers to the questions.

Electronic assistant: Hello! It's the electronic assistant of Max Stores Customers' Department. We kindly ask you to take part in our survey. We need to find out about customer satisfaction. Please answer six questions. The survey is anonymous - you don't have to give your name. So, let's get started. Electronic assistant: How old are you?

Student: 1) …

Electronic assistant: How often do you visit Max Stores or any other large department stores?

Student: 2) …

Electronic assistant: What is more important to you when choosing a place to shop: range and quality of goods or the attitude of the staff?

Student: 3) …

Electronic assistant: What qualities do you think someone needs in order to become a good shop assistant?

Student: 4) …

Electronic assistant: Have you ever had to complain to a store manager about a shop assistant's behaviour? Student: 5) …

Electronic assistant: What would you advise a friend who is thinking of working as a shop assistant? Student: 6) …

Electronic assistant: That is the end of the survey. Thank you very much for your cooperation.